Summary
Hangover effects range from headache to nausea to anxiety. Alcohol disrupts the architecture of sleep, including slow wave sleep, deep sleep, and rapid eye movement sleep. Alcohol destroys healthy gut microbiota, leading to leaky gut and related malaise. Alcohol causes vasoconstriction, which leads to headaches as a rebound effect. Ingesting more alcohol may temporarily alleviate a hangover, but will ultimately lead to a worse hangover.