Summary
Caffeine can inhibit PDE, stimulate IGF-1, and increase hair growth. Topical caffeine application can be as effective as minoxidil without the side effects. Drinking more caffeine is not effective for offsetting hair loss. Caffeine can stimulate IGF-1, reduce cell death, and maintain stem cell population. Clinical studies on caffeine are not as extensive as those on minoxidil, and the dosages of caffeine in ointments are not well-explored.